Saturday, August 10, 2024

Important OS and DBA commands

 


To Create User group and to add user group :

 

 

sudo usermod -g psdqnhspftp psadm2  -- here lowercase g primary group

sudo usermod -G psdqnhspftp psadm2   -- here upercase G secondary group

 

sudo usermod -a -G psdqnhspftp,psft,appinst psadm2  -- to add multiple secondary group

 

 

adduser oracle2

adduser shibd

adduser i_umiafa

sudo usermod -a -G oinstall,oracle,psft oracle2

 

/usr/sbin/groupadd shibd

 

 

sudo usermod -a -g oinstall -G psft,appinst,oinstall psadm2

sudo usermod -a -g oinstall -G psft,oinstall,j_umia,appinst psadm3

 

 

# /usr/sbin/groupadd appinst

# /usr/sbin/groupadd psft

#/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

 

                Oracle User Creation

 

                                     # /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

 

adduser i_umia01

/usr/sbin/groupadd i_umiasf

 

/usr/sbin/useradd -g i_umia01 -G i_umia01

 

/usr/sbin/useradd -g i_umiafa -G i_umiafa

 

adduser i_umiafa

 

adduser i_umiasf

 

 

 

 

/usr/sbin/useradd -g shibd -G oinstall shibd

 

 

useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper emopr

useradd -g oinstall -G dba emopr

 

 

adduser psadm2

adduser psadm1

adduser psadm3

adduser esadm1

adduser oracle2

 

 

 

sudo usermod -a -G

 

sudo usermod -G  oinstall,psft psadm3

sudo usermod -G  oinstall,psft psadm2

sudo usermod -G  oinstall,psft psadm3

 

sudo usermod -g oinstall  -G  oinstall,psft psadm2

sudo usermod -g oinstall  -G  oinstall,psft psadm1

sudo usermod -g appinst  -G  appinst,psft psadm3

 

 

sudo usermod -g shibd  -G  oinstall  shibd

 

sudo usermod -g oinstall  -G  oracle,dba,i_umia,shibd   oracle

 

 

 

 

sudo usermod -G  oinstall,dba,backupdba,dgdba,j_atlh oracle

 

 

 

sudo usermod -G  oinstall,dba,psft,appinst oracle

 

 

sudo usermod -a -G oinstall psadm3

 

sudo usermod -g oinstall psadm2

 

 

sudo usermod -a -G appinst prasbhas

 

sudo usermod -a -G oinstall   psadm3

 

 

sudo usermod -g oinstall ociagent

 

sudo usermod -a -G oinstall,dba ociagent

 

Remove user group:

 

 

gpasswd -d prasbhas appinst

 

Some important OS Command

 

 Copy xauthority from home directory.

 

xauth add $DISPLAY . hexkey

 

*********************************

DB commands to alter user

 

ALTER USER sidney IDENTIFIED BY second_2nd_pwd DEFAULT TABLESPACE example;

ALTER USER sh PROFILE new_profile;

ALTER USER sh DEFAULT ROLE ALL EXCEPT dw_manager;

ALTER USER app_user1 IDENTIFIED GLOBALLY AS 'CN=tom,O=oracle,C=US';

 

**********************************************

DB commands to create/grant roles to users

 

select * from dba_users where username like '%RATHEESH%';

create user RATHEESH identified by xxxx profile userprofile default tablespace psdefault temporary tablespace pstemp;

grant create session to RATHEESH;

grant SELUSER to RATHEESH;

select * from dba_role_privs where GRANTEE='RBHASKARAN';

 

 

select NAME,PASSWORD from user$   -- To encrypt database password

 

 

***************************

DB commands to create/delete/verify database links

 

select * from dba_db_links;

DROP PUBLIC DATABASE LINK FINLINK.IMF.ORG;

CREATE PUBLIC DATABASE LINK FINLINK.IMF.ORG CONNECT TO username IDENTIFIED BY password USING 'FINUPGT';

select * from dual@FINLINK.IMF.ORG;

select * from psdbowner@FINLINK.IMF.ORG;

*****************************

 

Unix commands

 

find . -type f -size +100000000c -exec ls -l {} \; - command to list files larger than 100MB. The dot(.) after find represents current working directory. It can be changed to any path.

find . -type f -size +100000000c -exec gzip {} \; - command to compress/zip files larger than 100MB. The dot(.) after find represents current working directory. It can be changed to any path.

find . -type f -size +100000000c -exec rm {} \; - command to delete files larger than 100MB. The dot(.) after find represents current working directory. It can be changed to any path.

 

find . -type f -mtime +30 -exec ls -l {} \; - command to list files older than 10 days. The dot(.) after find represents current working directory. It can be changed to any path.

find . -type f -mtime +10 -exec gzip {} \; - command to compress/zip files older than 10 days. The dot(.) after find represents current working directory. It can be changed to any path.

find . -type f -mtime +30 -exec rm {} \; - command to delete files older than 10 days. The dot(.) after find represents current working directory. It can be changed to any path.

 

 

find . -type d -ctime +30 -exec rm -rf {} \;

 

 

find . -type f -exec grep 'String' {} + - command to list all the files that contains a String/String pattern

 

tar -cvf folder_name.tar folder_name - command to create a tar archive

 

tar -xvf folder_name.tar - command to de-archive a tar file

 

gzip file_name - command to zip a file. In unix/linux a folder cannot be zipped directly. A tar file needs to be created for the folder and then the tar file can be zipped.

 

gunzip file_name.gz - command to unzip a file

 

free -m - command to find current memory usage

 

free | grep Mem | awk '{print $3/$2 * 100.0}' - command to find what percentage of memory is in use

 

free | grep Mem | awk '{print $4/$2 * 100.0}' - command to find what percentage of memory is free

 

ps -ef - command to list all the processes that are running on the server

 

ps -ef | grep domain_name - command to list all applicaiton server, process scheduler and web server process running with the domain_name

 

ps -ef | grep domain_name | grep java - command to list only web server process running with the domain_name

 

ps -ef | grep domain_name | grep PIA - command to list only PIA process running with the domain_name

 

 

 

Port Ping Test :

 

nc -v trcdev.imf.org 23093

 

lsof -i | grep 23093

lsof -i -P |grep http

netstat -na |grep 55555

 

Change file permissions :

 

 

chmod -R g+rwxs /apps/hrpatch/srce

chmod -R g+rwxs /apps/hrpatch/hris_srce

chgrp -R hrdev /apps/hrpatch/srce

chgrp -R hrdev /apps/hrpatch/hris_srce

 

chmod 6751 /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0.0/dbhome_1/bin/oracle

 

To find the large files :

 

 

du -a /apps/pstools  | sort -n -r | head -n 20

du -a  /apps/ | sort -n -r | head -n 20

 

du -a  /home  | sort -n -r | head -n 20

 

 

du -a  /apps/pstools/hrtrain/appserv/hrtrain/LOGS | sort -n -r | head -n 20

 

du -a  /u01/ | sort -n -r | head -n 20

 

 

du -a  /tmp | sort -n -r | head -n 20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Find and delete the older files /logs :

 

 

find /apps/pstools/finpatch/appserv/prcs/finpatch/LOGS -type f -name '*.LOG' -mtime +30 -exec ls -ltr {} \;

 

 

find /apps/pstools/finpatch/appserv/prcs/finpatch/LOGS -type f -name '*.LOG' -mtime +30 -exec rm {} \;

 

 

 

find /apps/pstools/hcmtst02/appserv/hcmtst02/LOGS -type f -name '*.LOG' -mtime +30 -exec rm {} \;

 

 

find /apps/pstools/hrdev/appserv/prcs/hrdev/LOGS -type f -name '*.LOG' -mtime +30 -exec rm {} \;

 

 

find /apps/hrprod/psreports/hrprod -type f -name '*patdupst_*'

 

find  /interface/OOD_WORK -type f -name  '*.mflic*'

 

find /apps  -type f -name '*finesupgt.imf.org_*'

 

finesupgt.imf.org

 

 

To Find the CPU utilization :

 

ps -eo pcpu,pid,user,args | sort -k 1 -r | head -10

 

du -a  /apps/pstools/finprod/appserv/prcs/finprod/LOGS | sort -n -r | head -n 20

 

du -a   /tqnh1j/logs/pt854/appserv | sort -n -r | head -n 20

du -a   /home | sort -n -r | head -n 20

du -a   /boot | sort -n -r | head -n 20

 

 

 

 

To Find the memory utilization :

 

ps -o pid,user,%mem,command ax | sort -b -k3 -r

 

Find

 

 

 

To Setup Password Less Connection :

 

 

findev@appvwn96d:[/home/findev] > /usr/bin/ssh\-copy\-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub hrdev@hrdev.imf.org

 

 

To delete old logs files :

 

 

find /apps/hrprod/psreports/hrprod -type f -name 'patdupst*' -mtime +30 -exec ls -ltr {} \;

 

find /apps/hrprod/psreports/hrprod -type f -name 'patdupst_*.PDF'  -exec ls -ltr {} \ ;

 

 

find /apps/pstools/finprod/appserv/prcs/finprod/LOGS  -type f -name '*.LOG*' -mtime +120 -exec ls -ltr {} \;

 

 

find /apps/pstools/hcmtst02/appserv/hcmtst02/LOGS -type f -name '*.LOG' -mtime +30 -exec rm {} \;

 

 

find /home/oracle/oodgss/log -type f -name '*.LOG' -mtime +30 -exec rm {} \;

 

 

Soft Link Sample :

 

ln [-sf] [source] [destination]

 

    By default, the ln command creates a hard link.

    Use the -s option to create a soft (symbolic) link.

    The -f option will force the command to overwrite a file that already exists.

    Source is the file or directory being linked to.

    Destination is the location to save the link – if this is left blank, the symlink is stored in the current working directory.

 

For example, create a symbolic link with:

 

ln -s test_file.txt link_file.txt

 

This creates a symbolic link (link_file.txt) that points to the test_file.txt.

 

To verify whether the symlink has been created, use the ls command:

 

ls -l link_file.txt

 

 

TAR FILES :

 

tar -czvf jre.tar.gz jre

 

"tar -czvf (archive name).tar.gz (pathtofile)”

 

 

change_permission.sh:

 

psadm2@hmshfodr-lnxmt-2 pt$ cat change_permission.sh

echo "start permission change `date`"

chown -R psadm3:appinst ps_cust_home

echo "end permission change `date`"



Drop SYSADM Schema :


SET NEWPAGE 0

SET SPACE 0

SET LINESIZE 80

SET PAGESIZE 0

SET ECHO OFF

SET FEEDBACK OFF

SET HEADING OFF

SET MARKUP HTML OFF

spool drop_sysadm_objects.sql

 

select 'drop '||object_type||' '|| object_name||  DECODE(OBJECT_TYPE,'TABLE',' CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;',';') from dba_objects where owner='SYSADM';

 

spool off;

exit;


cat generate_drop_public_synonym_script.sql

SET NEWPAGE 0

SET SPACE 0

SET LINESIZE 80

SET PAGESIZE 0

SET ECHO OFF

SET FEEDBACK OFF

SET HEADING OFF

SET MARKUP HTML OFF

SPOOL PUBLIC_SYN_DROP.sql

select 'drop PUBLIC SYNONYM '||SYNONYM_NAME||';' from DBA_SYNONYMS WHERE TABLE_OWNER='SYSADM' and owner='PUBLIC';

SPOOL OFF

exit



cat generate_drop_sysadm_objects_script.sql

SET NEWPAGE 0

SET SPACE 0

SET LINESIZE 80

SET PAGESIZE 0

SET ECHO OFF

SET FEEDBACK OFF

SET HEADING OFF

SET MARKUP HTML OFF

spool drop_sysadm_objects.sql

 

select 'drop '||object_type||' '|| object_name||  DECODE(OBJECT_TYPE,'TABLE',' CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;',';') from dba_objects where owner='SYSADM';

 

spool off;

exit;




set linesize 132 pagesize 2000

COLUMN TABLESPACE_NAME FORMAT A20

COLUMN PCT_FREE FORMAT 999.99

COLUMN FREE FORMAT 999999.99

COLUMN USED FORMAT 999999.99

COLUMN MAX_ALLOC_MB FORMAT 99999999999

COLUMN ACTUAL_ALLOC_MB FORMAT 99999999999

COLUMN ACTUAL_USED_MB FORMAT 99999999999

COLUMN ALLOC_FREE_MB FORMAT 99999999999

COLUMN MAX_FREE_MB FORMAT 99999999999

COLUMN alloc_pct_free FORMAT a15

COLUMN total_pct_free FORMAT a15

colum max_blocks noprint

colum count_blocks noprint

colum sum_free_blocks noprint

 

SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, MAX_BLOCKS, COUNT_BLOCKS, SUM_FREE_BLOCKS,

BYTES1/(1024*1024) ACTUAL_ALLOC_MB, (BYTES1/(1024*1024)-BYTES2/(1024*1024)) ACTUAL_USED_MB,

BYTES2/(1024*1024) ALLOC_FREE_MB,

to_char(round((100*SUM_FREE_BLOCKS/SUM_ALLOC_BLOCKS),0)) || '%' ALLOC_PCT_FREE,

MAXBYTES MAX_ALLOC_MB, maxbytes - (BYTES1/(1024*1024)-BYTES2/(1024*1024)) MAX_FREE_MB,

to_char(round(((maxbytes - (BYTES1/(1024*1024)))/maxbytes)*100,0))||'%' total_pct_free

FROM ( SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, SUM(BLOCKS) SUM_ALLOC_BLOCKS, sum(BYTES) BYTES1, SUM(decode(MAXBYTES,0,bytes,null,bytes,maxbytes)/(1024*1024)) maxbytes

FROM DBA_DATA_FILES

GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) a,

( SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME FS_TS_NAME, SUM(BYTES) BYTES2,

MAX(BLOCKS) MAX_BLOCKS,

COUNT(BLOCKS) COUNT_BLOCKS,

SUM(BLOCKS) SUM_FREE_BLOCKS

FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE

GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) b

WHERE TABLESPACE_NAME = FS_TS_NAME

/



For the environments created using the downloaded software from edelivery use following query.

 

Select ptiaspspvers from SYSADM.ps_ptiaspsrcinfo;

 

For the environments where the PUM patches applied using CA use the following query.

 

select distinct to_char(DESCRLONG) from sysadm.ps_maintenance_log where descrlong like '%PI%’;



To check Ports:

 

curl https://xxxxxxxx:443

curl -v telnet:\\abcd.com:443

curl -v telnet:\\xxxsss   443

 

nslookup www.kkkk.com

dig www.oabdd.com

 

 

ssh -v  abcde.com -p 443

ssh -v abcde.com  -p 443

 

 

Test-NetConnection abcde.com  -Port 443








 


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